Doing Business in Poland

Poland
Poland is the 5th European Union country in terms of population, the 6th EU country in terms of area, the 6th economy in the European Union, and the 1st economy in Central and Eastern Europe. In the last years, the Polish economy has developed extremely dynamically, in the years 2015-2022 the cumulative GDP growth amounted to 32%.
The high dynamics of Poland’s economic development is primarily due to rapidly developing Polish companies that successfully export, as well as high domestic demand and the inflow of foreign investments. Polish enterprises successfully compete on global markets by offering high-quality products. Polish export hits include furniture, cosmetic products, doors and windows, and agricultural and food industry products. Poland is, among other things, the largest producer of apples in Europe and the 4th largest in the world, the 6th largest producer of furniture in the world and the 2nd largest exporter of furniture in the world, one of the largest producers of windows and doors and the largest exporter of plastic doors, windows and window frames in the world.
The Polish economy is characterized by advanced technologies and IT specialists, an example of which is the gaming industry. Thanks to the development of infrastructure and transport capabilities, Poland has also become a transport hub, the port of Gdańsk is the largest container port on the Baltic Sea.
In recent years, Poland has been chosen as an investment destination by corporations such as LG Energy Solution, which produces batteries for electric vehicles. Interest in Poland is also growing among Romanian businesses. Currently, Romanian companies such as Luca (a bakery chain) and Teilor (a jewelry retailer) are active on the Polish market, and many more are exploring the opportunities it offers.
Key Figures
Capital: Warsaw
Population: 38 million
Currency: Polish zloty (PLN)
Main cities: Warsaw (capital), Krakow, Poznań, Wrocław, Gdańsk, Łódź, Katowice, Szczecin, Lublin, Bydgoszcz
Economic Information
Unemployment rate (2024): 5,1%
Inflation rate (2024): 3,6%
GDP growth (2024): 2,9%
GDP (2024): EUR 846 bn.
GDP per capita (2024): EUR 22 560
VAT rates: 23% (standard rate), 8%, 5%
CIT rates: 19% (standard rate), 9%
Minimum wage (2025): PLN 4666 gross (approx. EUR 1100)
Foreign Trade
The total value of import (2023): EUR 343 bn | Import from Romania (2024): EUR 3,7 bn
Mainly imported products from Romania:
- Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof.
- Non-rail vehicles and parts and accessories thereof.
- Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances and parts thereof.
- Rubber and rubber articles.
The total value of export (2023): EUR 353 bn | Export to Romania (2024): EUR 8 bn
Mainly exported products to Romania:
- Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances and their parts.
- Non-rail vehicles and their parts and accessories.
- Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound and video recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles.
- Plastics and articles thereof.
- Rubber and articles thereof.